1190 To 11991190x - Third Crusade King Richard I conquers Cyprus.
x - Foundation of Teutonic Knights.
x - Supposed Discovery of Arthur's grave between two pyramids in cemetary at Glastonbury Abbey.
x - Matthaeus Platerius, a teaching physician at the School of Salerno, wrote his manuscript Circa Instans, a Latin work on the medicinal properties of plants.
x - Germans from L'beck and Bremen probably established a field hospital named after the previous German hospital of St. Mary in Jerusalem
x - The crusaders lay siege to Acre
x - Third Crusade featured the German Emperor Frederick I}} Barbarossa , King Richard I of England, and King Philip II of France
x - The Louvre Museum in Paris was built as a fortress.
mar 16 - The Crusades began the massacre of Jews in York, England.The Jewish population of York fled to Clifford's Tower overlooking the rivers Ouse and Foss during an anti-Jewish riot. A crazed friar set fire to the tower and rather than be captured, the inhabitants committed mass suicide.
mar 17 - Crusades complete massacre of Jews of York England.
mar 18 - Crusaders kill 57 Jews in Bury St Edmonds England.
jun 10 - Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa b.1123, king of Germany and Italy and the Holy Roman Empire, drowned in a river while leading an army of the Third Crusade.
jul 10 - Kings Philip of France and Richard I of England set out on the Third Crusade
sep 10 - King Guy of Jerusalem awarded Teutonic Order or "Teutonic Knights" a portion of a tower in Acre, this bequest was re-enforced on sep 10 1190, the order perhaps shared the tower with the English Order of the Hospital of St. Thomas
win 10 - French and English crusaders stayed in Sicily
1191x - Richard I of England establishes Kingdom of Acre.
x - Zen Buddhism, guided by the Dao (The Way) arrived to Japan from China.
x - Giraldus Cambrensis Gerald of Wales writes the Itinerarium Cambriae Itinerary of Wales
x - Cambodia Preah Khan was dedicated on what is thought to be the site where the Khmer defeated their eastern neighbors, the Cham.The central temple was dedicated by Jayavarman VII to his father, King Dharanindravavarman II, in the name of Lokesvara, a god who embodies the compassionate qualities of the Buddha.
x - Richard I of England married Bernegaria of Navarre in Limassol, Cyprus.
feb 06 - Questionable bull of Pope Clement III approving the German hospitaller order at Acre
apr 14 - 85-year old Giacinto Bobo becomes Pope Coelestinus III.
jul 12 - Siege of Acre ended in crusader victory
jul 12 - Acre surrendered to Kings Philip, Richard I of England and Guy; Philip departed the Holy Land for France shortly afterward
jul 12 - Richard I of England and Crusaders defeat Saracens in Palestine.
aug 20 - Crusader Richard I of England kills 3,000 muslim prisoners in Akko.
sep 07 - Richard I of England meets Saladin at the Battle of Arsuf
nov 07 - Richard's Crusaders marched toward Jerusalem but turned back to the coast. u.nov 1191
1192x - Gerald of Wales visits Glastonbury, reports on exhumation of Arthur's grave in "Liber de Principis Instructione."
x - Japan Minamoto Yoritomo becomes shogun after long civil war ends with his victory
x - Japan The founding of the Kamakura Shogunate.
apr 04 - Count Palatinate Henry of Champagne provided Teutonic Knights the house of Theodore of Sarepta in Tyre
jun 04 - Richard I of England's Crusaders march toward Jerusalem but turned back again.
sep 02 - Saladin and Richard I of England sign a truce to end the Thrid Crusade
oct 09 - Richard I of England departs the Holy Land
dec 20 - Richard I of England captured in Vienna.
1193x - Foundation of the Order of Alcantara
x - Tibet The Karma Kargyu sect preceded the Geluk sect of the Dalai Lama.It introduces the idea of religious succession by reincarnation when a great lama used it to predict his own rebirth.
1194feb 04 - Richard I of England was freed from captivity in Germany.
feb 20 - Tancredo of Lecce, King of Sicily, dies.
nov 15 - Margaretha van Elzas, wife of count Boudouin V of Henegouwen, dies.
dec 28 - Frederick II, German Emperor, was born. u.nov 27 1194
1195x - Rabbi Moshe ben Nahman Nahmanides was a Catalan kabbalist. u.1270
jul 19 - Battle at Alarcos: Almohaden beats Alfons VIII of Castilia.
1196x - Hermann von Salza may have accompanied Landgraf Hermann von Th?ringen to the Holy Land
x - The Chateau Gaillard in Normandy was built by Richard I of England, Duke of Normandy, to protect his domain from Philip Augustus, King of France.
mar 00 - Count Palatinate Henry conferred possessions in Jaffa (Joppa) on Teutonic Knights
dec 06 - Northern Dutch coast flooded, "Saint-Nicolaas Flood".
dec 21 - Pope Celestine III took the "Hospital of St. Mary of the Germans in Jerusalem" under his protection
1197x - Abortive Crusade of Emperor Henry VI
may 20 - German emperor Henry VI gave the Teutonic Knights a hospital in Barletta, Italy
jul 18 - Henry VI gave Teutonic Knights a church and cloister, of the Holy Trinity, in Palermo, Sicily
sep 29 - Emperor Henry VI died in Messina, Sicily.
dec 04 - Crusaders wound Rabbi Elezar ben Judah.
1198x - The Forth Crusade was funded by Enrico Dandolo, doge of Venice.
x - A German Bishop shipped up the Baltic with armed forces and attacked the native people of Livonia. The attack was repulsed.
x - First military action of the Teutonic Knights with King Amalric II of Jerusalem; Amalric gave them a tower in Acre in 1198, formerly belonging to the Order of St. Nicholas
x - Fleeing from the Turks, a group of Armenian nobles and their followers settled in Byzantine Cilicia where they established a state know as Lesser or Little Armenia. In this year the area attained the status of kingdom and survived to 1375.
x - Albert of Buxtehude expanded the Baltic Crusades u.1224
jan 08 - Lotario di Segni becomes Pope Innocent III. u.1216 re. List of PopesHe raises the papacy to an acme of papal prestige and power, and Christian Europe comes close to being a unified theocracy with no internal contradictions. He oversees 2 crusades and establishes fees for indulgences to fatten the Church's treasury. He hires Italian merchant bankers to manage papal funds and sanctions the new Franciscan and Dominican orders.
jan 08 - Pope Coelestinus III, [Giacinto Bobo], pope r.1191-1198, dies. re. List of Popes
mar 05 - Teutonic Knights established as a military order in a ceremony in Acre's Temple which was attended by the secular and clerical leaders of the Latin Kingdom
aug 05 - Pope Innocent III calls the Fourth Crusade
sep 05 - Philips van Zwaben Hohenstaufen crowned king of Roman Catholic Germany.
1199feb 19 - Bull of Pope Innocent III confirmed the Teutonic Knights' wearing of the Templars' white mantle and following of the Hospitallers' rule
apr 06 - King Richard I of England was killed by an arrow at the siege of the castle of Chaluz in France at 41.
sep 30 - Rambam (Maimonides) authorizes Samuel Ibn Tibbon to translate Guide of Perplexed from Arabic into Hebrew.
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