Din Timelines

World History Timelines

1455 to 1459

1455

x - Calixtus III + becomes Pope ?+ u.1458 re.List of Popes

x - England ?+War of the Roses Margaret of Anjou, wife of the feeble-minded King Henry VI, was head of the House of Lancaster whose heraldic badge was a red rose. She struggled against the House of York, whose badge was a white rose, for the control of the government.u.1471

x - The young Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II mobilized his army to march on Belgrade--and from there, possibly move on to the European heartland.

feb 23 - Johannes Gutenberg starts printing Latin Bibles of which 11 were still extant in 2003.

may 22 - EnglandWars of the Roses + King Henry VI was taken prisoner by the Yorkists at the Battle of St. Albans.

1456

x - Gypsies in what today makes up Romania lived as slaves.u.1856

x - A comet in the sky caused the Pope + to issue a catchall edict to his followers to pray for deliverance from "The Devil, the Turk, and the Comet."

jul 14 - Hungarians defeated the Ottomans at the Battle of Belgrade, in present-day Yugoslavia.

jul 23 - SIEGE of BELGRADE The siege was in a stalemate when a spontaneous fight broke out between a rabble of Crusaders, led by the Benedictine monk John of Capistrano, and the city's Ottoman besiegers. It soon escalated into a major battle, during which the Hungarian commander, Janos Hunyadi, led a sudden assault that overran the Turkish camp, ultimately compelling the wounded Sultan Mehmet II to lift the siege and retreat. The Siege of Belgrade decided the fate of Christendom.

aug 15 - Johannes Gutenberg completes the Mazarin Bible, the first book printed his movable type printing process, which allows for books and pamphlets to be printed very quickly and inexpensively. This contributed to the spread of the Reformation.

1457

x - King James II of Scotland aka James of the Fiery Face banned "Futeball" on the grounds that it threatened national defense by drawing young men away from archery practice. He banned "Golfe" for the same reason. "Nocht usit and utterlie cryit doun."

x - Koshamain, an Ainu chieftain on the island of Hokkaido, led a rebellion against Japanese encroachment, but it was put down by Nobuhiro Takeda.

1458

x - Pius II + becomes Pope ?+ u.1464 re.List of Popes

x - Benedetto Cotrugli published the first known work on double-entry bookkeeping. It was invented in Italy around1340 .

x - Filippino Lippi, painter, was born. His father was the Carmelite friar Fra Filippo and his mother was a nun.His work includes the drawing "Kneeling Male Saint," and the color painting "Male Saint Holding the Body of the Dead Christ." One of his students was Raffaellino del Garbo.

jan 24 - Matthias Corvinus b.1440-d.1490, the son of John Hunyadi, was elected king of Hungary.Under his rule Hungary was the most important state in central Europe. For his fighting force he ordered every 20 houses to provide one horse soldier. "Husz" is 20 in Hungarian and so the light cavalryman became know as a Hussar. His illuminatedbreviary + is held by the Vatican library.

1459

x - The Ottoman Empire ruled over the Kosova region of Serbia.u.1912

x - Jakob Fugger II, German banker. He minted his own money and maintained banks in every European capital. He held a contract for managing the Pope's money and collected cash for the remission of sins. He bankrolled the election of Charles V. u.1525

x - Maximilian I. Holy Roman Emperor u.1519.

x - The Serbs fell under Turkish rule and all of Serbia became the property of the sultan and all Serbs became bond-slaves to the land. Serbian national identity survived with the restoration in1557 of the Serbian patriarchate at Pec.

Inline links found above : [1458] [1471] [1856] [1464] [1340] [1440] [1490] [1912] [1525] [1519] [1557] [Calixtus III +] [List of Popes] [England ?+] [Wars of the Roses +] [Pope +] [Pius II +] [Pope ?+] [breviary +]