1550 to 1559

1550

x - Wallpaper brought to Europe from China by traders.
x - Julius III + becomes pope ?+ [u.1555] [re.List of Popes ]

1551

x - Founding of The University of Mexico, Mexico City. The first University on the North or South American Continents.

1553

x - |England ?+| Edward VI dies and Mary ascends the Throne.
x - Servetus, Spanish theologian and physician executed in Geneva as a heretic

1554

feb 12 - |England ?+| Execution of Lady Jane Grey and her husband.
x - Mary I marries Philip (later Philip II of Spain). Catholicism is restored in England and Elizabeth is imprisoned. During Mary’s reign, about 300 Protestants are burned, including 5 bishops, 100 priests, 60 women. John Rogers, Tyndale's close assistant (alias "Thomas Matthew"), is the first to burn. Protestants are forced into exile or hiding. An attempt by Cardinal Pole (Mary's archbishop of Canterbury) to restore monasticism fizzles when, among 1500 surviving monks, nuns, and friars, fewer than 100 are willing to return to celibacy.
c - The Church in Switzerland was very sympathetic to the reformer refugees and was one of only a few safe havens for a desperate people. Many of them gathered in Geneva, led by Myles Coverdale and John Foxe as well as Thomas Sampson and William Whittingham. Over 200 including 8 pastors and 2 bishops found refuge in John Knox’s congregation and there were many more English Protestants in exile elsewhere. There, with the protection of John Calvin, the Church of Geneva determined to produce a Bible that would educate their families while they continued in exile.

1555

x - Tobacco is brought back to Spain from America. Jean Nicot gave his name (Nicotiana) to it five years later.
x - Bishops Hugh Latimer and Nicholas Ridley are burned at the stake as Cranmer watches; Later John Hooper and John Bradford are also burned
apr 09 - Marcellus II + becomes pope ?+ [u.apr 30] [re.List of Popes ]
may 23 - Paul IV + becomes pope. [u.1559]
x - Pope Paul IV creates the Roman Ghetto where Jews were forced to live in seclusion in a specified area of the town.

1556

x - Earthquake in Jerusalem.
x - Archbishop Thomas Cranmer, is forced to recant but later repudiates; He is burned at the stake

1557

x - Publication of Geneva New Testament

1558

x - Elizabeth I becomes Queen of England after the Death of Mary I.
x - |France| Calais, the last English possession in France is captured by the Duke of Guise.

1559

x - Pius IV + becomes pope ?+ [u.1565] [re.List of Popes ]

Inline links found above : [Julius III +] [pope ?+] [England ?+] [Marcellus II +] [Paul IV +] [Pius IV +] [List of Popes] [1565]

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