1580 to 1589

1580

x - Willaim Bourne makes the first published description of a submarine ?+.
sep 26 - Francis Drake ?+ [b.1540-d.1596] arrives home after circumnavigating the globe.

1581

x - Ermak begins conquest of Siberia.
apr 04 - Elizabeth I knighted Francis Drake ?+ [b.1540-d.1596] aboard his ship the Golden Hinde at Deptford near Greenwich.
x - Sir Francis Drake becomes Mayor of Plymouth.
x - |Russia ?+| Ivan IV + killed his only intelligent son after beating his son's pregnant wife so hard that she miscarried.

1582

feb 14 - Pope Gregory XIII issues Proclamation of the Gregorian Calendar * October 4, 1582 of the Julian calendar + was followed by October 15 of the Gregorian calendar +.
nov 27 - William Shakespeare ?* [b.apr 1564d.apr 23 1616] marries Anne Hathaway.
dec - French adopt the Greorian calendar

1583

x - |Ireland ?+| Munster rebellion against Elizabeth I's military governors.

1584

x - |Russia ?+| Feodor I + [Bellringer] becomes Tsar. [u.1598] The last of the Riurikovich Czars, Feodor was born mentally disabled and was nothing more than a figurehead during his reign. He inherited a land devastated by the excesses of his father Ivan the Terrible and Russia further declined under his reign. His failure to reproduce brought an end to the centuries old dynasty and lead Russia into the Time of Troubles. He is known as Feodor the Bellringer because of his inclination to travel the land and ring the bells at churches. [List of Tsars]

1585

x - Amsterdam and Rotterdam become the largest trade centers of Europe.
x - Sir Francis Drake ?+ [b.1540-d.1596] raids and destroys many Spanish settlements in the Caribbean.
x - Sixtus V + becomes pope ?+ [u.1590] [re.List of Popes ]

1586

x - Galileo ?* begins to work on certain problems in physics, following Archimedes instead than Aristotle. He invents a hydrostatic balance (bilancetta).

1587

x - |JAPAN| Catholic missionary activity is prohibited.
x - On the orders of Queen Elizabeth, Francis Drake ?+ [b.1540-d.1596] attacks, and destroys, the Spanish Fleet at Cadiz.

1588

x - Francis Drake ?+ [b.1540-d.1596] defeats Spanish Armada off Plymouth with the help of Mother Nature.

1589

x - Patriarchate of Moscow established.

Inline links found above : [submarine ?+] [Francis Drake ?+] [Russia ?+] [Ivan IV +] [Proclamation of the Gregorian Calendar *] [Julian calendar +] [Gregorian calendar +] [William Shakespeare ?*] [Ireland ?+] [Feodor I +] [List of Tsars] [Sir Francis Drake ?+] [pope ?+] [List of Popes] [Galileo ?*] [1596] [apr 1564] [apr 23 1616] [1540]

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