1795 to 1799

1795

oct 05 - Napoleon ?+, charged with protecting the Directory, rings the Tuileries with cannon. As the mob approaches, Napoleon discharges the cannon into the crowd, killing many and causing the crowd to disband.
oct 15 - Napoleon is named général de division.
oct 26 - Napoleon [a.26] is named général en chef de l'armée de l'Interieur.
x - French capture Amsterdam.
sep 21 - |Ireland ?| Formation of the Loyal Orange Institution in County Armagh.
x - Poland is divided (again) between Russia, Prussia, and Austria.
x - Scottish Mungo Park begins exploring the Niger river.
x - J. F. Blumenbach writes his book The Human Species thus laying the foundation of anthropology.
x - Thomas Paine *¢ 's [b.1737-d.1809] The Age of Reason *
x - The Metric system

1796

mar 02 - Napoleon is named General in Charge of the Army of Italy.
mar 10 - Napoleon weds Rose de Beauharnais
mar 12 - Napoleon joins his army at Nice, but finds them undernourished, ill- clothed, and undisciplined.
may 10 - Napoleon defeats the Austrian army at Lodi, by personally leading French troops across a well-defended bridge spanning the River Adda.
jul 12 - |Ireland| First parade held to commemorate the Battle of the Boyne.
x - |Ireland| A French fleet of 35 ships with Wolfe Tone on board tried to land at Bantry Bay but were prevented by bad weather.
x - |Russia ?+| Catherine the Great's + son Paul + takes the throne [u.1801] and establishes new law of succession. [re.List of Tsars]

1797

jan - Napoleon victorious at Rivoli.
feb - Napoleon captures Mantua.
oct 17 - Without the authorization of the Directory, Napoleon signs the Treaty of Campo-Formio with Austria.
x - Napoleon heads a French expeditionary force into Egypt.
x - |FRANCE| The Directory converts Holland and Switzerland into satellite republics (Batavian and Helvetic, respectively).
x - Mary Wollstonecraft [b.1759] a proto-feminist and mother to Mary Shelley dies.
x - Robert Fulton who was living in Paris, offered to build a submarine to be used against the British.
"a Mechanical Nautlius. A Machine which flatters me with much hope of being Able to Annihilate their Navy."

1798

mar - Arrest of Leinster Directory of United Irishmen.
may - |Ireland ?| Arrest and death of Lord Edward Fitzgerald.
x - |IRELAND| The Rebellion of 1798 led by Woolfe Tone.
jun 07 - Admiral Nelson sets out from St. Vincent to find the French fleet.
jun 22 - Nelson passes so close to the French fleet in thick weather that the French Admiral Brueys, can hear the signal guns of the British ships and is alarmed. Napoleon remaines unperturbed.
jun 28 - Nelson reaches Alexandria, but is asked by the Turks to leave. Scarcely after Nelson's sails disappeared over the northeast horizon the French Republican navy appeared from the northwest.
jun - |IRELAND| Rebellion in Wexford.
jun? - Defeat of the United Irishmen at the Battle of Vinegar Hill.
jul 02 - Napoleon ?+ lands unopposed at Marabout, with 50,000 troops.
jul 28 - Sir Thomas Troubridge brings word to Nelson in Greek waters that the French fleet had been seen about 4 weeks earlier steering southeastwards from Crete. Nelson immediately sets sail for Alexandria.
aug 01 - Nelson's fleet attacks the anchored French fleet in Aboukir Bay. Out of the 17 French ships only 4 escape. No British ships are lost.
oct 10 - Word reaches London of Nelson's victory at Aboukir Bay, leading to jubilant celebration.
nov - Death of Wolfe Tone.
x - |Ireland ? | Daniel O'Connell takes law degree at Trinity College, and is admitted to the Bar.
x - |EGYPT| Napoleon defeats Mamelukes at the Battle of the Pyramids
x - Senefelder in Germany invents lithography.
x - Eli Whitney gets a contract from the US government to build muskets.

1799

oct 09 - Napoleon, having abandoned his army in Egypt without permission of the Directory, lands at Fréjus.
nov 09 to 10 - |FRANCE| Coup d'état against the Directory establishes Napoleon as First Consul for ten years.
dec 12 - |FRANCE| Napoleon becomes First Consul (Premier Consul)
x - Robert in France invents a paper-making machine.
x - The Metric system is established in France.
x - French soldiers discover the Rosetta Stone.