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1840 to 1844
1840
jan 22 - Official founding date of Wellington, New Zealand.
feb 06 - Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, founding document of New Zealand
feb 11 - Gaetano Donizetti's opera "La Fille du Regiment" premieres in Paris.
sum - English and French male delegates refuse to seat women abolitionist delegates Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton at the Antislavery Convention
in London. Despite bitter protest by male U.S. delegates, female abolitionists
are prevented from addressing the Convention. This incident humiliates
women delegates and convinces them that their position is no better than
that of slaves.
aug 11 - The Battle of Plum Creek, near present-day Lockhart, ended the boldest and most penetrating Comanche challenge to the Texas Republic.
nov - William Henry Harrison + defeats
Martin Van Buren + in the U.S. presidential election
x - Negotiations in San Antonio between the Texas government and Comanche
leaders erupt into violence resulting in over 40 deaths when the Texans attempt to take the Comanche into custody.
x - |Britain| first postage stamps are sold.
x - Opium War begins.
x - Jerusalem again under Turkish rule.
x - The Hawaiian kingdom is recognized as an independant country by Europe and the USA.
x - William H. Talbot invents negative-to-positive process for creation of
multiple photochemical pictures on paper
1841
x - Change of President of the United States from Martin Van Buren +
to William Henry Harrison + [mar 04] and then to
John Tyler + when Harrison dies of pneumonia [apr 04] .
jun
- The Texan Santa Fe Expedition set out for New Mexico. Near Sante Fe, they were intercepted
by Mexican forces and marched 2000 miles to prison in Mexico City.
x - Petzval of Austria builds an f/3.6 lens.
x - The advertising agency is born.
x - Population of Ireland ? 8 million
x - The first type-composing machine goes into use in London.
x - |ENGLAND| Kew Gardens [aka Royal Botanical Gardens] becomes a government institution.
x - The first paperbacks published by Tauchnitz Verlag Germany
x - There are over 1,300 miles of rail in Britain
1842
mar 05 - A Mexican force of over 500 men under
Rafael Vasquez invaded Texas for the first time since the revolution. They
briefly occupied San Antonio, but soon headed back to the Rio Grande.
sep 11 - San Antonio is briefly occupied by Mexican troops and several local men are taken prisoner. Forces from San Antonio and Gonzales engage the invading
army at the Battle of Salado.
fal
- Sam Houston authorized Alexander Somervell to lead a retaliatory raid into Mexico.
The resulting Somervell Expedition dissolved, however, after
briefly taking the border towns of Laredo and Guerreo.
x - Illustrated London News appears.
x - Another use for paper: the Christmas card.
x - Opium war ended by Treaty of Nanking.
x - Webster Ashburton Treaty is passed between Britain and the US,
to settle disputes over the Canadian border.
x - Massacre of Elphinstone's British army on the road from Kabul to Jallalabad, Afghanistan, by Mohammed Akbar, son of Dost Mohammed.
1843
x - |USA ?| The photographic enlarger.
x - Ada, Lady Lovelace publishes her Notes explaining a computer.
x - Francis Scott Key dies. [b.aug 01 1779]
x - Edgar Allan Poe ?*¢'s
[b.1809-d.1849]
The Gold Bug *
x - The measurement unit, the joule, is invented.
x - British conquer the region now known as Pakistan.
x - The Diet in Hungary passes legislation allowing offical positions to be open to non-nobles and making Magyar the language of schools, lawcourts
and legistlature.
x - Quaternions + are discovered by William Rowan Hamilton.
1844
may 01
- Samuel F.B. Morse [d. 1872]
publicly proves the viability of electric telegraph by receiving in Washington a message
from a distance of 25 miles, and 64 minutes ahead of the parallel
message sent by train
may 23 - Persian Prophet The Báb announces His revelation, founding Bábism
may 24 - Morse uses his electric telegraph to send the message
"What hath God wrought" on a completed 40 miles long line from Baltimore to Washington.
The second message sent immediately after the first one was "Have you any
news?"
jul 03 - The last pair of Great Auks is killed.
jul 27 - John Dalton, English chemist and physicist, dies.
aug 06
- The telegraph is used to announce the birth of Queen Victoria's second son,
Alfred Ernest, at Windsor. Within 40 minutes the news is printed and
distributed in London by The Times
nov - James K. Polk defeats Henry Clay in the U.S. presidential election
x - The first chess-game is conducted via telegraph. The players are from
Washington and Baltimore. Also, the line is used by a Baltimore
businessman to verify with the Bank of Washington the credit of his customer
x
- |Jerusalem +¢|
First official census confirms Jewish majority--7120 Jews, 5760 Muslims, 3390 Christians.
x - Swedish chemistry professor Gustaf Erik Pasch? invents the safety match?
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