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1944 TIMELINE
Unsorted 1944 Events [Bottom]
JANUARY
Top
03 - |WW II ?| Soviet troops
reach former Polish border.
24 - |Holocaust ?+| In
response to political pressure to help Jews under Nazi control, Roosevelt creates the War
Refugee Board.
25 - |Holocaust| Diary entry by
Hans Frank, Gauleiter of Poland, concerning the fate of 2.5 million Jews originally under his
jurisdiction - "At the present time we still have in the General Government perhaps 100,000
Jews."
30 - Directive sent to all KPJ organizations regarding relations with
western Allies; all questions should "be approached from the standpoint of a newly
independent state which is nobody's affiliate, but the work of the struggle of our peoples"
FEBRUARY
Top
00 - Soviet delegation arrives to assist Yugoslav Partisans
00 - |Holocaust ?+| Eichmann
visits Auschwitz.
MARCH
Top
19 - |Holocaust ?+| Nazis occupy Hungary (Jewish pop. 725,000). Eichmann arrives with Gestapo "Special Section Commandos."
24 - President Roosevelt issues a statement condemning German and Japanese ongoing "crimes against humanity."
30 - |WW II ?| The U.S. fleet attacks Palau, near the Philippines.
APRIL
Top
05 - |Holocaust ?+| A Jewish
inmate, Siegfried Lederer, escapes from Auschwitz-Birkenau and makes it safely to
Czechoslovakia. He then warns the Elders of the Council at Theresienstadt about Auschwitz.
06 - |Holocaust| Nazis raid a
French home for Jewish children.
07 - |Holocaust| Two Jewish inmates
escape from Auschwitz-Birkenau and make it safely to Czechoslovakia. One of them, Rudolf Vrba,
submits a report to the Papal Nuncio in Slovakia which is forwarded to the Vatican, received
there in mid jun.
14 - |Holocaust| First transports
of Jews from Athens to Auschwitz, totaling 5,200 persons.
MAY
Top
00 - |Holocaust ?+|
Heinrich Himmler +'s agents secretly propose to the
western Allies to trade Jews for trucks, other commodities or money.
00 - Ivan Subasic forms a one-man government which will try to merge
the Yugoslav monarchy with the Partisans; Yugoslav government-in-exile abandons support of
Mihailovic
02 - US planes begin to bring support to Partisans at Drvar
08 - |Holocaust| Rudolf Höss
returns to Auschwitz, ordered by Himmler to oversee the extermination of Hungarian Jews.
13 - Tito founds the Odeljenje zastite naroda
(Department of Protection of the People, OZN-a) to coordinate security and intelligence
efforts against "enemy espionage and fifth columnist activities"
15 - Germany launches coordinated airborne attack
(Seventh Offensive, Operation Rösselsprung) on partisan HQ at Drvar in an attempt
to assassinate Tito and the AVNOJ leadership; Tito escapes, but Germans conduct heavy
reprisals against the civilian population
15 - |Holocaust| Beginning of
deportation of Jews from Hungary to Auschwitz.
16 - |Holocaust| Jews from Hungary
arrive at Auschwitz. Eichmann arrives to personally oversee and speed up the extermination
process.
By may 24, an estimated 100,000 have been gassed. Between May 16 and May 31, the SS
report collecting 88 pounds of gold and white metal from the teeth of those gassed. By the end
of jun, 381,661 persons - half of the Jews in Hungary - arrive at Auschwitz.
JUNE
Top
00 - Subasic signs an agreement with AVNOJ
00 - |Holocaust ?+| A Red
Cross delegation visits Theresienstadt after the Nazis have carefully prepared the camp and
the Jewish inmates, resulting in a favorable report.
05 - Rome falls to the Allies, becoming the first Axis capital to fall.
06 - |WW II ?|
D-Day; The Allied invasion of Normandy begins.
09 - Stalin launches an offensive against Finland with the intent of
defeating Finland before pushing for Berlin.
16 - Churchill agrees to recognize Tito as leader of Yugoslav resistance;
Tito and Subasic reach agreement during meeting on Vis
17 - Iceland declares full independence from Denmark.
20 - Adolf Hitler ?+ survives an assassination attempt.
12 - Rosenberg orders Hay Action the kidnapping of 40,000
Polish children aged ten to fourteen for slave labor in the Reich.
JULY
Top
00 - |Continuation War|
Finland beats off the Soviet attack, but loses territory. The war ends.
00 - |Holocaust ?+| Swedish
diplomat Raoul Wallenberg arrives in Budapest, Hungary, and proceeds to save nearly 33,000
Jews by issuing diplomatic papers and establishing 'safe houses.'
15 - |USA ?|
Mrs. Irene Morgan arrested for not giving up Greyhound seat to white passenger on a ride from
Virginia to Maryland (leads to 1946 Supreme Court anti-segregation decision)
24 - |Holocaust| Soviet troops
liberate first concentration camp at Majdanek where over 360,000 had been murdered.
AUGUST
Top
04 - |Holocaust ?+| Anne Frank and family arrested by Gestapo in Amsterdam, then sent to Auschwitz. Anne and her sister Margot are later sent to Bergen-Belsen where Anne dies of typhus on March 15, 1945.
06 - |Holocaust| The last Jewish ghetto in Poland, Lodz, is liquidated with 60,000 Jews sent to Auschwitz.
SEPTEMBER
Top
00 - US withdraws OSS from Serbia
00 - Tito makes secret trip to Moscow
05 - USSR declares war on Bulgaria
06 - Red Army reaches Yugoslav frontier
08 - Bulgaria switches to Allied side
09 - Red Army enters Bulgaria
12 - Under British urging King Peter broadcasts a radio appeal asking
"all Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes to unite and join the National Liberation Army under the
leadership of Marshal Tito"
17 - Start of Operation Market Garden
28 - Communiqué issued stating that "Marshal Tito has authorized the
Red Army to cross Yugoslavia"
OCTOBER
Top
07 - |Holocaust ?+| A revolt
by Sonderkommando (Jewish slave laborers) at Auschwitz-Birkenau results in complete destruction
of Crematory IV.
09 - Percentages agreement between Stalin and Churchill +¢
splits influence over Yugoslavia evenly between the East and West; Bulgarian forces must withdraw from western Thrace [until 19]
10 - Red Army occupies Nis
12 - German army counterattacks against Red Army to relieve pressure on Belgrade
15 - |WW II ?| Nazis seize
control of the Hungarian puppet government, then resume deporting Jews, which had temporarily
ceased due to international political pressure to stop Jewish persecutions.
17 - |Holocaust| Eichmann arrives in Hungary.
20 - Belgrade liberated by Red Army and Yugoslav partisans; Red Army redeploys to fight in Hungary
24 - Tito orders British military units in the Kotor area to depart
27 - Politika appears in Belgrade
28 - |Holocaust| The last transport of Jews to be gassed, 2,000 from Theresienstadt, arrives at Auschwitz.
30 - |Holocaust| Last use of gas chambers at Auschwitz.
NOVEMBER
Top
00 - FDR re-elected for fourth term, beating Dewey.
00 - Law passed allowing confiscation of property from occupying
or collaborating forces or absentees in Yugoslavia
01 - Tito announces intention to form a united provisional government;
formation in Belgrade of Guard of National Liberation Brigade
08 - |Holocaust ?+| Nazis
force 25,000 Jews to walk over 100 miles in rain and snow from Budapest to the Austrian border,
followed by a second forced march of 50,000 persons, ending at Mauthausen.
10 - Radio Belgrade begins broadcasting
15 - Borba appears in Belgrade
25 - |Holocaust|
Heinrich Himmler + orders the destruction of the crematories at Auschwitz.
DECEMBER
Top
00 - Tito-Subasic agreement signed
00 - Kosovo Albanian rebellion against Partisans
TOP
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